Potassium Discovery by Sir Humphry Davy

The term "potassium" has its roots in the English term for potash. The symbol for potassium, K, is a derivation from the Latin word "kalium" and the Arabic word "qali," both associated with alkali.

In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy identified the element potassium. The process of isolating metallic potassium involved the electrolysis of molten caustic potash (KOH). Davy performed the electrolysis by slightly moistening dried potassium hydroxide (potash), which was exposed to the moist air in his laboratory. The electrolysis was powered by three large batteries constructed by Davy. After discovering potassium, Davy applied the same method a few months later to isolate sodium.

Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829), a distinguished chemist in the early 19th century, established a widely appreciated lecture tradition for the public at the Royal Institution in London, a tradition that persists today. He is also held in high regard in his hometown of Penzance, Cornwall, for inventing the miner’s safety lamp. However, his most significant accomplishment remains the discovery of active metals in their metallic form.

Caustic potash, a crucial source of potassium, is primarily extracted in Germany, New Mexico, California, and Utah. Pure potassium displays a soft, waxy texture and can be easily sliced with a knife.
Potassium Discovery by Sir Humphry Davy